Vocabulari i Gramàtica Anglesa: Phrasal Verbs, Adjectius Compostos i Temps Verbals
Vocabulari temàtic
adolescent / adolescent; adult-adulto; amistat / friendship (amistad); discutir / argue (arguin); sortir amb algú / get out (salir con alguien); portar-se bé amb / get on with (llevarse bien); créixer / grow up (crecer); fer vida social / hang out (pasar tiempo)
kid - nen; mate - company; partner - parella; relative - parent; split up - separar-se; give up - rendir-se; come across - trobar per casualitat; keep up with - mantenir el ritme; call off - cancel·lar
Crim i problemes
burglar - lladre; burglary - robatori; detective; theft - robatori; thief - lladre; robbery - robatori a mà armada; murder - assassí; hacking - pirateig; alibi - coartada; clues - pistes; witness - testimoni
bullying; drug use; eating disorder; homelessness - sense sostre
Mitjans i tecnologia
The media; celebrity - famós; headlines - titulars; publicist - responsable de premsa; journalist - periodista; scoop - exclusiva; fashionable - de moda; hardware; software; games console; network - xarxes; download - descarregar; upgrade - actualitzar; false friends - falsos amics
Paraules oposades
illegal, illogical, illiterate; unaware, unbalanced; unbiased, unimportant; disappear; immoral; inappropriate
Verbs frasals
Phrasal verbs: give up (rendir-se), come across (trobar per casualitat), keep up with (mantenir el ritme), call off (cancel·lar), split up (separar-se), get out (sortir), get on with (portar-se bé), hang out (passar temps)
Adjectius compostos
Compound adjectives: argue-discutir; badly-behaved (mal comportat); big-headed (presumit); cold-hearted (cruel); level-headed (sensat); well-behaved (ben educat); narrow-minded (de mentalitat tancada); short-tempered (de mal geni)
Carta de presentació (exemple corregit)
I am writing in response to an advertisement I saw in the newspaper where dressmakers are required. I would like to apply for the job. I have been working for five years in different places. I have a degree with good qualifications, I am good at it, and I can also speak two languages. I am available, so please do not hesitate to phone me. Thank you in advance for your consideration.
In my opinion, I agree. That is exactly what I think. I disagree. I don't think so.
Modals
have to: obligació externa (legal). Past: had to. don't have to: no obligat a.
need to: necessari. don't need to: no cal.
ought to: deure, consell. used to: hàbit en el passat (solia).
be able to: aconseguir alguna cosa amb esforç. be allowed to: tenir permís.
can: permís, capacitat. could: capacitat en el passat; forma formal de can. may: demanar permís formal; probabilitat. might: possibilitat remota, formal i poc probable. must: obligació moral. Past: had to.
Condicionals
0: if + present simple + present simple.
1: if + present simple + will.
2: if + past simple + would + verb.
3: if + subject + past perfect + subject + would have + past participle (coses que ja no es poden fer en el passat).
Expressions de temps
today - that day; now - at the moment; yesterday - the day before; tomorrow - the following day; next week - the following week.
Temps verbals
Present simple: verb in infinitiu.
Present continuous: to be + verb-ing.
Past simple: verb en passat (segona forma).
Past continuous: was/were + verb-ing.
Present perfect: have/has + participi.
Past perfect: had + participi.
Canvis de temps
present simple → past simple; present continuous → past continuous; past simple → past perfect; present perfect → past perfect; can → could; must → had to; I/she/he/we/they: canvi segons el context.