Apunts, resums, treballs, exàmens i problemes de Anglès

1ª pregunta (verbs modals)

4. Rewrite each sentence…

I'm sure that David should have taken your books by mistake.

I can't park outside the police station.

You needn't clean the floor.

I'm sure that Liz can't have met Harry before.

Ann should have left yet.

I'm sure they can't eat all the food. It's not possible!

Jack should have arrived half an hour ago.

Pam and Tim might have decided not to come.

The cat might have taken the fish from the table.

We needn't worry because it's a waste of time.

Complete each sentence…

might

can.

mustn't.

can.

might.

can't.

mustn't.

might.

must.

can't

6. Rewrite each sentence…

I'm sure that Helen has to feel really lonely.

Mustn't park here.

It would be a good idea if Harry could take a holiday.

I'm sure that Brenda hasn't to be...

Estructura i Redacció de Cartes Formals en Anglès

A la dreta:
Eric Moya
C/ Artesans, 4
08570 Torelló
18^th May 2012

A l'esquerra:
Nom de l'empresa (si n'hi ha)
Carrer i codi postal de la ciutat
[Dear Sir or Madam,]

Tipus de Cartes Formals

1. Letter of Complaint (Queixa)

• 1^st paràgraf (raó de la queixa): I am writing to complain about...
• 2^nd paràgraf: Explicar-ho amb detall.
• 3^rd paràgraf (suggeriment per solucionar-ho): I would be grateful if you could send me a full refund.
• 4^th paràgraf (comiat): I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely,

2. Letter of Application (Sol·licitud de feina)

• 1^st paràgraf (explicar la feina que es demana): I am writing in response to your advertisement...
• 2^nd paràgraf: Informació personal relacionada amb la

1. Nom i cognom dels treballadors que estan al nivell C.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES NATURAL JOIN JOBS JOIN JOB_GRADES WHERE SALARY >= LOWEST_SAL AND SALARY <= HIGHEST_SAL AND GRADE_LEVEL = 'C';

2. Nom i cognom dels treballadors i nom del director que viuen en la ciutat que conté "TH".

SELECT worker.FIRST_NAME, worker.LAST_NAME, manager.FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES worker, EMPLOYEES manager NATURAL JOIN DEPARTMENTS NATURAL JOIN LOCATIONS WHERE LOCATE('TH', CITY) > 0 AND worker.MANAGER_ID = manager.EMPLOYEE_ID;

3. Nom i cognom dels treballadors d'Europa que cobren menys de la mitjana.

SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES JOIN DEPARTMENTS ON (EMPLOYEES.DEPARTMENT_ID = DEPARTMENTS.DEPARTMENT_ID) NATURAL JOIN LOCATIONS

Guia de Gramàtica Anglesa: Connectors, Verbs i Estructures

Connectors i Vocabulari Clau

For and Against

However, in addition, moreover, furthermore, yet, nevertheless, on the one hand - on the other hand.

Make vs. Do

• Make: Per crear, produir o construir alguna cosa, fer sentir o fer posar, obligar a fer algú alguna cosa.
• Do: Realitzar certes tasques i activitats, dur a terme accions per aconseguir alguna cosa desitjada, per parlar de progrés.

Adjectius (-ed / -ing)

• -ed: Com et sents.
• -ing: Com et fa sentir una cosa.

Verbs Modals (Modal Verbs)

• Obligation: Must, have to, has to, need to (accions personals; s'afegeix -s a l'hora de conjugar).
• No obligation: Don’t have to, doesn’t have to, needn’t.
• Recomanació: Ought to, should (present; no s'afegeix

La Veu Passiva en Anglès

Present Simple: Farmers grow food. S'afegeix is/are + el verb en tercera columna o acabat en -ed. I queda: Food is grown by farmers.

Present Continuous: (are/is + -ing). They are making a film (-ing vol dir que ho està fent ara). Passat a passiva queda: A film is being made (sempre is/are being + tercera persona).

Present Perfect: (have/has + -ed). Passa a has/have + been (sempre) + -ed.

Past Simple: -ed. Sempre passa amb was/were + -ed.

Past Continuous: were/was + -ing. Passa amb was/were + being (sempre) + tercera columna o -ed.

Past Perfect: had + tercera columna o -ed. I passa a had been + 3a columna o -ed.

Future (Will): Passa sempre amb will be + 3a columna o -ed.

Modal verbs: Can, must... Passa sempre amb el modal...

Nivells de l'ecosistema

Un ecosistema és tot l'ecosistema on els sers vius viuen d'una matèria i obtenen l'energia d'una font.

Productors

Són autòtrofs, ja que capturen l'energia solar i la utilitzen per transformar la matèria inorgànica en matèria orgànica.

Consumidors

Són heteròtrofs i es divideixen en consumidors primaris, secundaris i terciaris.

Fluix d'energia

A través del procés de la fotosíntesi, les plantes i algunes algues obtenen energia del sol per fabricar matèria orgànica. L'energia travessa un ecosistema de manera unidireccional, circulant en una sola direcció.

Cicle de la matèria

El material orgànic provinent de cadàvers, restes d'éssers vius és transformat per microorganismes en matèria inorgànica.

Cadenes tròfiques

Són...

Verbs Irregulars en Anglès

A continuació es presenten els principals verbs irregulars en anglès amb les seves formes de passat simple i participi, juntament amb la seva traducció al català:

• be - was/were - been: ser, estar
• become - became - become: tornar-se, arribar a ser, fer-se
• begin - began - begun: començar, iniciar
• blow - blew - blown: bufar
• break - broke - broken: trencar, rompre
• bring - brought - brought: portar, fer venir
• build - built - built: construir, edificar
• burn - burnt - burnt: cremar, calar foc a, incendiar
• buy - bought - bought: comprar
• catch - caught - caught: agafar, atrapar, capturar
• choose - chose - chosen: escollir, triar, seleccionar
• come - came - come: venir, arribar
• cost - cost - cost: costar, valer
• cut - cut - cut: tallar
• dig

Llista de Vocabulari d'Anglès per Temes

• annoyed: enfadar-se
• approach: apropar-se
• avoid: evitar
• crowded: ple
• deal: tracte
• disturb: molestar
• forbidden: prohibit
• gather: reunir
• hesitate: dubtar
• knock over: bolcar
• matter: qüestió
• miss out on: perdre's una cosa bona
• notice: assabentar-se
• on display: a la vista
• overhear: sentir sense voler
• put away: guardar

• allow: permetre
• as long as: sempre que
• beg: suplicar
• boarding school: internat
• burst into tears: plorar a llàgrimes
• collapse: esfondrar-se
• confident: segur de si mateix
• cope with: plantar cara / afrontar
• dare: atrevir-se
• graceful: elegant / flexible
• hardly: amb prou feines
• punishment: càstig

• ban: prohibir
• be about to: estar a punt de...
• charm: atractiu
• command: domini
• deserve: merèixer
• devise: crear / idear
• expel: expulsar
• hop:

Temps verbals

Present simple: I drink tea for breakfast. Do you drink tea for breakfast? I don't drink tea for breakfast.

Present continuous: I am explaining the verbal tenses (estoy explicando). Are you explaining...? I am not explaining...

Present perfect: I have drunk a lot of milk (yo he bebido). Have you drunk...? I haven't drunk...

Past simple: I drank... (+ed en verbs regulars). Did you drink...? I didn't drink...

Past continuous: I was explaining the verbal tenses (estaba explicando). Were you explaining...? I wasn't explaining...

Past perfect: I had drunk a beer before (había bebido). Had you drunk...? I hadn't drunk...

Future simple: I will drink (yo beberé). Will you drink...? I won't drink...

Veu passiva

Estructura: to be + participi +

Discussion 5: A Conversation About Food and Ordering at a Restaurant

A: What kind of food are you going to eat?
B: Hmm... I will have seafood.
A: Seafood?! Is this a joke?
B: No, I really love seafood.
A: I don't, because it doesn't have a good smell.
B: You should try eating a bit.
A: I would like big lamb kebabs; I am crazy about it!
B: Hmm... So am I, but today I'm in the mood for grilled salmon.
A: OK, I am going to eat seafood too.

(Later)

W: Hello, I'm Jack, your waiter. Would you like the menu?
A: No thanks, we are ready to order.
W: OK, what would you like to order?
A: I would like grilled salmon and rice.
W: ...and rice. And you, sir?
B: I will have lamb kebabs and french fries, please.
A: Wait! And the grilled salmon?
B: Hmm... I prefer to eat lamb...